requestId:68753c22926385.84449022.
It is the body: Wang Yangming’s meaning of “confidant” in the Confucian Confucianism of Song and Ming dynasties
Written by Preparation: Fu Xihong (Associate Professor of Zhongshan Doctoral School)
Source: “Confucian Hall” 2024 Issue 2
Abstract: Confidant is regarded as the focus concept and most basic theme of Wang Yangming’s thinking. The lack of single purity from the perspective of being the body reminds it of its dominance in yang contemplation. In fact, “good” means that the subsequent “knowledge” is directly derived from the nature of nature (i.e., the body), and therefore it sufficiently and accurately expresses the content of the body. “Adequate” and “precise” now show that it naturally pushes people to act in the right way. Therefore, although “knowledge” is a influence, it has its own meaning. Therefore, “confidant” reveals the information that it is the body, and it is the body means that kung fu can be directly relied on the body that is displayed in the real world, that is, the confidant, to expand. It does not require the long and bitter practice of studying things and learning, like Zhu Xi, or the like that Cheng Mingdao, Luxiangshan, Zhan Ganquan, etc. to fully grasp the original conscience through the method of enlightenment. Only by understanding this way can we truly understand the most basic reason for the Yangming valuing “confidant”.
Keywords: Confidant, use is the body, use it to see the body, influence is the nature
As we all know, Wang Yangming studied the theme of his life in his late years by “to be a friend”: “I taught in my life, but only the three words “to be a friend”.” [1] Therefore, “to be a friend” and “to be a friend” are regarded as the focus concepts and most basic themes of Yangming’s thinking, and Yangming is also called “to be a friend” or a friend’s learning. The meaning of the word “confidant” in Yangming is to point out the body. For example, Mr. Chen, in comparison with other languages, pointed out this point: “Although the unity of knowledge and action is the key to kung fu, it is not the mind. The mind is unreasonable and comprehensible, but it is not the time to discuss the mind. Although the mind is thoughtful and the head is reflexive, it is ultimately lacking in the body. The original skill of “to be a confidant” has been completely eliminated, and it is no wonder that Yang Ming called it “the death of the holy gate, the eyes of the holy gate.” “[2] Although Mencius had already proposed the concept of a confidant, Yang Ming expressed his own thinking theme as “confidant” not a light and easy and natural task, but a long and painful exploration process. After he mentioned the “confidence” and recalled his own thoughts and evolution, he said: “The word “confidence” has not been expressed since the Dragon Boat. But he just couldn’t point out these words. To the students, he would talk a lot.” [3] The most thoughtful question here is: the dragon Boat has already realized it, and what is the “confidence” that is finally expressed by the “confidence”? This article immediately pointed out that the contents learned by Dragon Field can be combined with “just use is the body”, and “confidant” reveals the use of the body, which means that the use of the body is the body, which means that the use of the body means that the skill can be directly borrowed and displayed in the real world.The original body is the development of a close friend, so it is most valued by Yangming. The pure body and lack the meaning of “confidence” with real technology genius, honest president x fake can be exhausted, and the ultimate handsome male singer can fully remind the word “confidant”.
1. It is the body and it is the body that is used. It is the body that is used. Although it is said that a confidant is the body, the “knowledge” of a confidant is the use. In the Confucianism of the Song and Ming dynasties, whether it is the knowledge that “knowledge” understands the kind of knowledge that is seen or the short-term heart in the “four-end hearts”, they are all the influence and phenomena of the human heart, rather than the essence of the human heart, that is, the essence. Zhu Zi then used knowledge as a resource. He said: “Knowledge and intention are both from the heart. Knowledge is the source of knowledge, and intention is the source of thought.” [4] He also said: “To achieve knowledge, sincerity, and correct mind, knowledge and intention are all from the heart. Knowledge is based on different knowledge, and intention is based on practice. Knowledge is based on nature, close to the body; intention is close to the emotions, close to the nearness.” [5] The “confidant” that Yang Ming talks is also used, and Teacher Tang Junyi has pointed out this point. He compared Yangming’s “confidant” with Xiangshan’s “original conscience” and Xiangshan’s “original conscience”: “A name of knowledge is usually used to refer to the use of the heart; while an name of the original conscience is usually used to refer to the body of the heart that can be the master. Therefore, Xiangshan’s enlightenment of the mind is the original conscience of reason, and focuses on teaching people to see their own minds and to establish themselves. Yangming’s words and conscience of the mind are the clear and clear minds of the mind, that is, the conscience of this conscience is what he knows about him. The function of expression. ”[6] Although Mr. Chen emphasized the essence of his confidant, he also noticed that his confidant had two aspects of specific use. He said: “Confidant is both the body and the use.”[7]
Yangming furthered on the basis of “knowledge is the use” and further realized that “knowledge is the body of the mind”[8] and “the body of the mind is knowledge”[9]. In fact, this is to say that a confidant is both a influence and an intrinsic body, which is an intrinsic body, and the intrinsic body and an intrinsic body are not related to an unusual level. As a result, Yang Ming was different from Zhu Zi’s structure in terms of the problem of knowing. Zhu Zi regarded knowledge as knowledge, but did not discuss the meaning of knowledge for many years, and knowledge was undoubtedly used for use. Yang Ming’s understanding and this difference, the most important difference is that the position of knowledge is not only to the publication and single use, but also to the original body, which is the influence and the original body.
Zhu Zi believed that knowledge is not the original body but is close to the original body, so why did he say that knowledge is close to the original body? What he said, “knowledge is the main idea of distinguishing between good and evil.” In fact, it is a conscientious knowledge that can distinguish between good and evil. When he discussed the “Big Learning” article on the “Big Learning” he directly pointed out this point: “Achievement is the natural and conscientious knowledge.” [10] Because the nature of benevolence and wisdom has long and short wisdom, the nature of benevolence and wisdom belongs to the body, and “knowledge” is connected with “wisdom”, so knowledge of length and shortness is close to wisdom as body. Like Baocai.netWhen Zhu Zi notes the “Four Books”, he often mentions that “knowledge” is the voice of the past, which means that his understanding is the “wisdom”. For example, in “The Doctrine of the Mean”, “Those who know pass by it, the foolish are not as good as it”, Zhu Zi’s note: “The knowledge of those who know is the voice of the past. ”[11] The main thing is that although Zhu Zi believed that knowledge that can distinguish between length and short is close to the body, he was only in this way, and he would never think that this distinctive knowledge is the body. In his opinion, the body is undeveloped and has an unmixed boundary with the developed distinctive knowledge. The two are related to the different levels. But in Yangming’s opinion, the knowledge of long and short is not It is only used, and it is the body, and it is the body. Zhu Zi only criticized the body to see it immediately, and he disagrees with the meaning of using it immediately. He still insists that the body and use have the distinction between nature and phenomenon, origin and style. Yangming not only takes the lead and uses to see it immediately, but also takes the lead and use it immediately.
Yangming did not directly mention Baoqiang.comThe four words “it is the body”. Before him, Xiangshan’s “it is the body” was similar to “it is the body”. Xiangshan said: “If it is the body, is it the Tao, then are pregnant? ”[12] He understood that all those who conceived the body were Tao, so he denied this statement. In fact, he criticized “the body is Tao”, not “the body is Tao”. From the perspective of physical use, he criticized “use is body”, not “the use is body”. The difference between the two is that we will also Details.
As a main essay, “Just use is the body TC: